FISH CULTIVATION MANFISH

FISH CULTIVATION MANFISH

Origin, morphology and Manfis Fish Habit
Manfish or also known by the term 'Angel fish' comes from the waters of the Amazon, South America. Manfish (Pterophyllum scalare) belonging to the family Cichlidae, have morphological traits and habits as follows:
- Having the color and type of the variable
- Flat body shape, with a body like an arrow
- Belly fins and flippers stretched back to the tail width, so that appears as a dark arc transparent
- In the chest there are two long fins that hang down to the tail.
- Maintain and protect their offspring.
- As a omnivorus
- Lncluded easy to accept various types of foods in various forms and sources of


Some types of fish Manfish known and has been developed in Indonesia among others are: Diamond (Diamond), Imperial, Marble and Black-White.

Diamond (Diamonds), shiny silver-gray to green. At the top of the head is yellow to dark brown that along to the back. Manfish Imperial has a silver base color, but her body decorated with four black vertical lines / dark brown. Marble Manfish have mixed colors of black and white vertical lines forming. While manfish Black-White has a black color decorate the back half of his body, and white colors adorn the front half including the head.

Parent Management
Manfish fish can be a parent after age 7 months to reach the length ± 7.5 cm. To achieve optimal results, the parent must be properly managed for example by feeding good as mosquito larvae, Tubifex worms, or Chironomous. Also because the parent fish is very sensitive to manfish disease, the treatment should be given periodic drug commonly used drugs such as Oxytetracycline and salt.

Before married, the mother maintained manfish mass (male and female) in the first 1 large aquarium (size 100x60x60 cm3). After the mature egg, the parent manfish will pair up and separate from other fish. Parent who was able to pair it and dipijahkan taken place.

Moreover, it can be done, namely the parent manfish pair directly after learning of male and female parent. Characterized by male parental body size larger than the female parent. Parent male head looks a bit large part of the mouth to the convex dorsal fins, and more slender body shape than the female fish. While the mother is characterized by the size of the smaller body and form a smaller head with part of a larger belly / fat and looks slightly bulging.



Spawning Technique

Spawning conducted in an aquarium measuring 60x50x40 cm3 with water level ± 30 cm. Into the aeration tank is provided for the supply of oxygen.
Manfish fish eggs would stick to a smooth substrate, such as pieces of PVC pipe that had been prepared / are placed in the aquarium spawning. Because the fish tend to like the atmosphere manfish dark and quiet, so the aquarium can be attached wall paper or dark colored plastic.

Parent manfish will multiply at night. Mother put her eggs on the substrate and followed by the male fish sperm sprayed on all the eggs, so that the eggs are fertilized. The number of eggs produced per parent ranged between 500-1000 eggs. During the breeding period, the parent still be in the form of feed Tubifex worms, Chironomous or Daphnia.


The eggs hatch and larvae Maintenance

Eggs are attached to the substrate, then transferred to the aquarium hatching eggs (measuring 60x50x40 cm3) for hatched. At hatching medium water should be added to anti-fungal drugs, among others Methyline Blue with a dose of 1 ppm. To maintain stable temperature, then into the egg incubation medium used water heater (water heater) is installed at 27-28oC temperature.

Manfish eggs will hatch after 2-3 days, with the degree of hatching eggs ranged 70-90%. Next paralon the attachment is removed and egg-larval treatment until the age ± 2 weeks.

The feed is provided for the maintenance of the larval form of natural feed in accordance with the larval mouth opening and has a high protein content, among others nauplii Artemia sp. The feed was given 2 times a day (morning and afternoon) until the larvae ± 10 days old and continued with the provision of Tubifex worms.
Pendederan and Enlargement

After age ± 2 weeks, the seed spacing can be done to then do pendederan until one month-old fish.

The next step is to harvest the seeds to move into the tub / container enlargement. In this case can be used like a fiber-cement or the like, depending on the available container. During the rearing period, try to ensure a flow of water into the container, although slightly enlarged. Solid fish stocking for enlargement manfish range 100 ekor/m2. Given in the form of feed Tubifex worms or pellets to seed ± 2 months old. The size ranges are usually achieved by 3 to 5 cm. If feed and water quality support, Survival in the enlargement can reach 70-90%. The next seed can be raised again manfish until they reach the size of the parent or prospective parent with a solid smaller stocking.


Diseases and handling

Fish known manfish sensitive enough to attack the disease, it is necessary for good management to maintain the water quality and quantity of feed given. Some common types of parasites that attack the seed / stem Manfish include: Trichodina sp., Chillodonella sp. and Epystilys sp. While that infects bacteria is Aeromonas hydrophilla.

Several types of drugs that can be used to overcome the disease parasitek include: Formalin 25%, NaCl 500 ppm. As for bacterial diseases can be used Oxytetrachycline 5 to 10 ppm by 24 hours of soaking.